Getting ready for pack:
GFRP
ISP 1:
BBFC
IPSO
PEGI
OFCOM
ASA
ISP 3/4:
Welsh Mocha
ISP 5:
Audience profiling
ISP 7:
TV Company Scenario
ISP 8:
Practise Questions
Feature Film
Class work
Advertising across platforms:
Sky Sports-traditional methods:
Billboards
Magazines-FourFourTwo
Commercial breaks inbetween similar sport shows so that interest trageting is enabled so that a maximal advetising is ocurred.
Radio adverts
Sky Sports-digital methods:
Social media-Snapchat has exclusive videos and has participation in it like votes and polls that can be conducted. Instagram also gives an option for a debate in the ‘comment section’ this increases audience participation and thus generates a relationship between viewer and programme.
Internet websites-Interest targeting.
Q)Explain how both methods work together to succesfully promote the media product.
A)The concurent use of traditional methods and contempoary allows a substantial level of advetising as it allows all types of people to be portrayed, for example the use of digital methods like social media allows a younger sector to be addressed and furthermore this inclusion of viewer interaction allows a med ia product to have a strong relationship between viewer and product, thus allowing a greater interest in the payment of Sky Sports. On the other hand, traditional methods like billboards allow it to be portrayed to a mass audience, this under-the-line techniques allows a mass audience to be portrayed effectively. Both working concurently allow all aspects of society to be addressed this increasing the globalisation and commercialistation of Sky Sports and therefore a grearer input of revenue is inevitable.
Advertising:
Primary research:
Research you do yourself
Secondary research:
Research that others have conducted
Qualitative data:
Data in opinions, often have to be open questions
Qualitative data:
Data measured on numerical values
Circulation:
How many buy the product
Readership:
How many people read the media product
Market possibilities:
Opportunities for a company to expand
Conversion tracking:
A measurement based upon how succesful and advertisement is
Viral marketing:
Utilisation of digital resources in order to promote products
Guerilla:
Marketing focused on low cost
Theories:
Passive audience theory:
Audience have limited resistance to media messages (believe it)
Cultivation theory:
Repetition viewing could lead it to becoming a norm for someone
Moral panic theory:
A public concern to a media product
Active audience theory:
Cant blame media for acts like violence that have occurred
Censorship:
Keeping material from an audience
Classification:
Decisions made about suitibility of media texts for a particular age range
Regulatory Bodies:
BBFC:
British Board Film Classification
Decide film age viewership.
BARB:
British Audience Research Board
Get viewing figure for channels shows etc.
Done via a 5300 sample of households, or use of a machine device to input what your watching and when.
RAJAR:
Radio Joint Audience Research
Gets viewership or radio channels.
OFCOM:
Office of communications
Content across the UK.
PEGI:
Pan European Game Information
Regulates video game legislation.
Demographics:
Identifying groups of people.
Psychographics:
Profiling audience based on attitudes/beliefs.
Geodemographics:
Profiling audience based upon where they live.
NRS social grades:
Method of classifying demographics based upon occupation/income (A-E)
Usage and gratifications theory:
The reason why people buy products.
Escapism:
Use of media products to get away from reality.
Surveillance:
Use of media product for informative purpose.
Personal relationship:
Observe media products for social talking points.
Personal identity:
Use of media product to shape your own identity.
Technical convergence:
The tendency for different technological systems to evolve towards performing similar tasks.
EG: A print newspaper evolving onto a digital website.
Streaming:
Way of which media products are consumed online.
Simulcasting:
When a media product is broadcasted both online and via traditional methods.
EG: Sports on TV and Radio.
Ownerships:
Conglomerates:
The larger company that owns smaller companies.
EG: Disney owning Marvel and Pixar.
Subsidiaries:
A company made up of subsidiaries is a smaller company owned by a conglomerate but still have there own right to operate.
Oligopoly:
A small number of companies controlling a large section of the market.
Cross-media conglomerates:
A company that produce more than one type of media product.
EG: Warner Bros
Commercial company:
Company that have a goal to make money.
Public service broadcaster:
A non-profit company.
EG: BBC as they are funded via Tv licence.
Has a purpose to educate and entertain.
Vertical integration:
When a company controls all aspects of production, distribution and consumption of product.
Horizontal integration:
When a company uses subsidiaries to cross promote a brand across different platforms.
ISP
ISP 20:
Diegetic sounds are sounds that can be heard during the production of the film, for example dialogue.
Non-diegetic sounds consist of sounds that are added during the post-production period, for example sound effects.
1)Dialogue, music, sound effects, narrator.
2)Diegetic sounds of dialogue, heavy breathing and footsteps as the characters run out of the building.
3)Non-diegetic sounds of internal thoughts that get outputted by a narrator, sound effects for example closing of doors and pressing of buttons.
1) In Star Wars the director, Chris Columbus told head of sound effects, Eddie Joseph, that he didn’t want the inclusion of futuristic sounds in the film. In scenes of high intensity fighting a predominant notion of non-diegetic sounds is carried throughout, this consists of the swinging of lightsabres or the shooting of electronic bullets from opposing robots. This clearly connotes non-diegetic sounds as this would be instituted by Eddie Jones when editing the film, and cant be heard by actors like Harrison Ford when the production of the film is carried out. This use of these sounds generate this meaning of action, from the simultaneous sounds gun fire generate this fast paced rhythm, synergising onto the viewers, making the film in these scenes more intense.
However, in other scenes that include one-on-one speaking would have a driving force of clear diegetic sounds, this would predominately consist of dialogue, these scenes are a necessity in films as the use of them generate ideologies and create a storyline that viewers can follow. When filming the scenes, as well as doing actions like walking or opening doors the actors would be speaking simultaneously, this means that the sounds are diegetic as they can be heard during production phases of the film. I believe the use of diegetic sounds create a more empowering notion of inclusion, as the use of sounds that the viewers now are natural and said during production times create a higher meaning to the viewers, it can make them feel like they are there and experiencing it. However, diegetic sounds can be deemed as tedious due to the notion that it doesn’t grip the viewer with load noises that are abnormal from dialogue.
ISP 21:
ISP 22:
The company responsible for the distribution of Pride to the USA is CBS films, this production and distribution company mainly focus their distribution towards American citizens, this is why Pride implemented CBS Films as the distribution company for America. Furthermore, CBS Films has distributed many highly established films for example The Women In Black, this gives it an established prowess and thus increasing the confidence in the publics ideologies of how good the film, Pride, will be.
However, Pride has a boundless amount of distribution companies, depending on the country it is being distributed to, for the UK it is Pathe, they have been the distributor of many household names films, for example 127 Hours this gives it a large essence of credibility and reliability in the public in wanting to watch the film, Pride.
ISP 23:
Class notes:
Demographics-Identifying groups of people.
Psychographics-Identifying audience based on attitudes.
Geodemograhpics-Profile of audience based upon location
ISP 24:
McDonalds advert:
James, a teenager aged 18, enjoys socialising frequently with his friends, he’s involved in a football team and thrives upon seeing his friends weekly for football games. He’s currently a member of a college and also has a Saturday job in McColl’s where he works to gain money for social events that him and his mates go on.
Gala Bingo advert:
Jane, a retired school teachers, is aged 63, she enjoys the company of others but due to her age she cant participate in social events as much as she used to, she loves socialising and now has to do it digitally. She lives in a small town situated in the outskirts of Summerset. She would describe herself as a white, female descendant, in the category C1, when she used to work as a teacher. She carries political views of Labour party as she believes that equality should be ensured in all work placement.
Barclays 2018 life-skills advert:
Franklin, a teenager aged 18 would identify as a black UK citizen, his occupation is an apprenticeship at a builders firm. He used to be involved in gangs and drug dealing but now is striving to better his life, studying hard in his exams, and looking to process through the ranks of his work firm.
Fairy 2018 advert:
Sarah, a mother of 3, is aged 43 and would state she is a stay at home mum and a white British female. She enjoys socialising with her Nursery friends, and regularly goes out for meals and to watch something at the cinema. Her previous occupation was a restaurant waiter, until her eldest daughter was born where she became a full time mother for her.
Nike advert:
Mani, a 16 year old living in Barking, London, would identify of a black British descendant. He studies a Barking College and is involved in there football and basketball academy. He loves playing sports with his friends in the court that situates in the streets of his house.
Alton Towers advert:
Lucy, is a young teenager aged 13, she loves spending time with her family and especially her younger brother. She lives in the town of Bournemouth and would identify as a white British female. Her occupancy is at her high school and does not have a part-time job.
Aviva advert:
Stuart, a 40 year old farther from Kent would identify as a white British male. His occupancy is working a delivery driver for a food supplies company, he thrives upon spending time with his children and wife, watching his boy play football and going on family outings every once in a while to places like Thorpe Park.
Emirates advert:
Chris, a 48 year old from Liverpool, works as a kitchen fitter. He loves working long and hard hours to then afford a holiday and many family outings throughout the year. He identifies as a white British male in the C2 social class grading. He has a conservative party views as he believes in the future education system to be improved for his children.
What are the issues with audience profiling?
The first issue with audience profiling is that stereotypes of media products often change as society norms develop, this means that a companies audience profile may be completely irrelevant due to the outdated stereotypes. This would result in a media product that has been aimed at this ideology of a person could be completely false, all marketing, distribution and production of the product could be based upon false stereotypes. A readjust of the product would then have to be implemented, causing excessive costs that are unnecessary.
Some peoples ethical views upon audience profiling is deemed to be unacceptable, firstly they believe the use of audience data infiltration is used to then gain a audience profile, the see this as data infiltration, making people feel at unease knowing that your data (search bar searches, lifestyle) is being monitored constantly, this gives some people a sense of non privacy. Secondly, stereotypes that get generated from this data consumption can have detrimental effects upon society, due to a certain sector of media products aiming a product at a certain audience type this can result in a development of stereotypes and societal norms, that these values become normal, due to the repetition of these inaccurate stereotypes lead to people believing they are correct. For example, sports adverts like Nike and Adidas predominately aim there adverts at the audience profile of a teenage male, this has lead to excessive stereotypes that women don’t do sport, we know this isn’t correct and this just highlights the level that these false audience profiling can have upon society.
ISP 25:
Imaginary entity audience member:
My imaginary entity is a student aged 17, they are currently at there first year in College and is concurrently on the Physical Education A-Level course. In addition, studying Digital Media and Statistics, although his favourite lesson is PE because he loves leaning about all aspects of sport and the environment of others that similarly love sport. Furthermore, he has a driving passion for football and has been involved in sports teams from a very young age, representing school teams and also playing at a high regional level; all of his friendship groups revolve around football and they thrive on debating current sporting events. Due to him not having a job and being in full-time education he would subsequently fit into the demographic of E. Furthermore, the psychographics of this male is staying fit and active, he loves hanging around others who love sports and staying healthy and thus believing in the notion that the government in taking in trying to ensure the development of child health and fitness, subsequently this makes his political views situated in the Conservative party as his likes the rules and regulations that they are imputing. Lastly, he lives in a busy town called Chichester he loves it there as there is many parks and football pitches to play football on and also the fitness accessibility is high.
ISP 26:
The Nike London Advert in 2018 adopted contemporary advertising techniques, using modern platforms like social media and YouTube to promote their product. This allows Nike to appropriately target their product at the right audience, teenagers who spend more time on the internet.
There was a viral marketing campaign, this was taken place on the Nike London social media account this allowed all people that the product is targeted at to see this advert, thus increase recognition within the London and UK community and therefore more sales for Nike.
There is a synergistic notion within this advert and with Nike as a whole, this is because the Nike London advert doesn’t just promote towards teenagers in the UK but it also represents the whole brand.
For Nike celebrity endorsement is instrumental, role models like Cristiano Ronaldo, allow Nike reputation to increase vastly this is because all these elite athletes using these Nike products institute a notion that enforce upon the public that this brand is the most elite and necessary.
ISP 27:
The Dark Knight-The pencil scene:
The Dark Knight was made in 2008 with the director as Christopher Nolan.
Main actors consisted of Christian Bale as Batman and Heath Ledger as the Joker.
The controversy was the notorious ‘pencil scene’. This scene included the Joker confronting t#his binary oppositions of his rivals, as one of the bodyguards confronted the Joker to force him to leave the room, the Joker suddenly and violently slams his head through a upright pencil piercing through his eye. No actual footage was shown of the pencil inserting in the eye but it stopped nano-seconds before it was inserted.
The public reactions of this controversial scene consisted of a vast amount of complaints that it received stating that the 12A BBFC rating was completely wrong due to the violent scene in the film. A flood of complaints came towards the production team of The Dark Knight and also the BBFC, however they remained unchanged and kept the BBFC rating at 12A.
BBFC received 364 complaints from concerning parents on what they have allowed their children to watch. The response from the BBFC stated the facts that meant that no actual footage of blood or the pencil being inserted was apparent this means that 12A was an appropriate rating but the impression of this violent act was always imminent.
My own perosnal view is that the 12A rating was to low, the though of any child at any age being able to watch this film in accompany of an adult baffles me, although no actual footage is shown it is still an extremely violent scene that shouldn’t be able to be shown to young people. The passive audience theory suggest that the easily influenced people of society (younger people) can be influenced by media messages therefore this violent act could suggest to a younger viewer that these acts of violence are deemed acceptable.
Gone-final production
Evaluation of film
To initiate my film I used an establishing shot to generate the ideology of the location, informing the reader where the film is situated, this a very commonly used shot type at the start, I believe it gives clarity to the viewer on location and furthermore can
connote a notion of genre of the film, mine showing the entrance to a Church could connote a horror/action. In addition in the first stage of the three act structure in the film, you need to ensure that the main protagonists have been introduced, I have done this through the first shot of an establishing/pan shot that includes the protagonist.
Moving on into the second phase of the three act structure, an increase in tension has to occur to ensure that the viewer is going to have an internal desire to want to watch, I do this through the use of increased intense non-diegetic music. The feedback I received indicates that the use of music is really effective, I believe this because I can tell the viewer how to feel, for example a fast paced music with many fast beats would connote an action packed scene, in my film I use a more sinister and slow paced music, this is because the ideology of the unknown had to be prevailed throughout and the inclusion of sinister music will keep the viewers hooked as an ever-increasing tension is apparent.
Finally, the third stage of the three act structure normally includes a new equilibrium however my film doesn’t occupy this role, this is because my film is based around the thought of the unknown, and so ending my short film on a definitive ending would not have as significant impact in comparison to an ending without an answer, leaving the viewer hooked.
Throughout this process of making the film I have had to ensure that I meet the requirements of the brief implemented by the British Film Institute (BFI), after now completing my production I can address all aspects that I have surpassed and achieved. Firstly, lack of diversity was a clear concern of the BFI so to ensure I did this I made my protagonist a young male, stereotypically a victim in a horror/action film would be a vulnerable female however to show diversity I used a complicit male, this therefore shows diversity in two essences, firstly the use of a male as a victim and secondly using a male that would have a similar personality and characteristics to a lot of viewers therefore this generates a bond between viewer and protagonists.
Furthermore, the BFI stated they wanted it to be a little to no budget film, I have done this by using a total of £0 to create my film. Also the film had to fictional this is done through my fictional narrative. Lastly, the film had to be made outside of London and also in a noteworthy landmark, I have done this through the location of a Church in Tarring.
After viewing the production I can give a fair evaluation, highlighting all positive aspects and in contrast, the potential improvements I could have made, for example in the concluding scene, the acting doesn’t properly highlight what happened to the protagonist, I would refer back to this scene and ensure the ending is clear and precise, guaranteeing that the viewers get the conclusion that has been built up to them.
Furthermore, my sound recording in my final production is effective and has been outputted in the way I wanted it to be done, the use of little dialogue was deliberate by me, this is because it further reinforces this notion of tension and the unknown, with short fast dialogue it means what is spoken has more meaning behind it, this means that the viewers will feel more intense and indulged in the film.
Unit 3: Activity 2
Unit 3:Task 1 & 2
Purpose:
I chose to situate my short film in the horror genre, this is because I have the most amount of knowledge within this area of films, I can understand the techniques used to create upmost tension and mirror them into my film, Gone. I beleive there is a lack or horror/action films where the male is portrayed as the victim, in near all films situated in this genre males show hegemonic attitudes, showing upmost dominance towards all. Therefore I wanted to ensure I institute a male victim, challenging all stereotpes that are currently in the film world; hoping to highlight the insecurities that males do show, I beleive this is important as a ideology needs to change within the horror/action genre.
Furthermore, as we know from the usage and gratifications theory the public have contrasting and varying purposes to watch a film, I am trying to highlight the need to be entertained in my film, I am doing this because I believe I can succesfully connote ideologies of gripping the audience, with techniques like long pauses to increase tension, fast paced scene cuts to increase the mood and atmosphere with the film, during the second stage of the three act structure.
Form:
As we know this film is a short film, this includes a under 30 minutes and my film fits this brief. My film is placed within the horror/action genre this means that my main priority is to grip and intensify every scene in the film, the way I am going to do this is through my pre-production phrase with the use of non-diegetic sound effects, and fast paced transitions to increase the tone of the scenes reflecting onto the viewers.
Furthermore, in most horror films you would expect to see long pauses of tension jsut before destruction of the equilibrium, I am going to ensure this is in my film as I beleive it is the most efficient way to endulge the viewer.
Treatment:
To summarise my film, in the first stage of the three act structure my protagonist, James, finds himself growing a sense of curiosity as within his hometown of Tarring various of people have gone missing, as time passes his need to investigate overwhealms him one day when he reads a ‘missing’ poster.
He grabs his bag and gains the surge of courage and walks into the unknown, the church. Panning his vision from left to right frequently and rapidy in fear and uncertainty sudden aprubt noises alert him, with one in one dirctions triggers another in the corresponding direction, instituting a high sense of confussion in James.
During the second stage of the three act structure James finds himsef deep into the Chruch with noises bouncing around him constantly it drives him into a feeling of being petrified, until the noises have led him to a dark corner, he gains courage to check it out but when he goes around the corner a large scream occurs and the outcome is unknown to the viewers, leaving it on a open narrative so that my viewers can interpret their own outcome so create a notion if social interaction with friends to debate on whagt they believe happened to James.
Sound effects:
Sound effects are instituted during the pre-production phase, for example non-diegetic, this is where the sound effects are not heard by the actors on set but it’s added during editing the scenes, within my film I will add this type of sound effects when my protagonist, James, is investigating the church and noises like howling and screaming this is because to get the upmost emphasis on this noise I will need to institute it during the pre-production phase.
On the otherhand, diegetic sound effects is the use of natural noise that can be heard during the filming stage, this therefore allows the actors to hear the noises making it more realistic when filming. This will be used during my film when the noise of wind whistling and footsteps, this allows more emphasis on specific noises so that the viewers can feel the sense of fear.
Font:
I use the font courier new this is the appropriate font to use when writing a screen play, as it is clear and precise, reducing the chnce for errors and misunderstandings.
A font that would clealry synergise with my film would be of the rustic look, this would connote horror as it would infer something has been inslated and neglected infering horror.
Examples:
There a numerous of films that istitute their filmic ideas around a missing person/people, for example The Missing, filmed in 2003 and directed by Lee Kang-Sheng, the baseline narrative is a frontine women soldier and mother, whilst on duty her daughter gets kidnapped, this is the distruction of the primary equilibrium and now the reconstruction of it is them trying to find their daughter.
As we can see their is many similarities, in mine numerous of missing reports have been occuring in Tarring in this a daughter goes missing. I want to pastiche some techniques used to show tension and grief when, for exampe when the mother understands about the kidnapping of her daughter the non-diegetic sounds are slow paced, emotive, this allows the viewers to understand the deeper meaning behind the scenario.
Screengrab script:
What is my target audience?
My target audience is mainly at people aged over 16 is because they will be able to relate to the main protagonist who is a 16 year old boy, I believe the usage and gratifications of theese viewers is to have the intent to watch and enjoy and use it as a social talking point, this is due to the open structure, where the outcome can be debated within social groups. The gender is for all but I would mainly suggest that its aimed at men this is because the protagonist is a male, therefore they would be able to relate to them more.
Promotion:
I will use mainly digital content for example social media, this is because it is accesible to most people, therefore the recognition will be greater and therefore more people will have a desire to watch the film, with this will come more views and thus more profit. Secondly, I will use posters, on bilboards this will allow maximal popularity, as most people will see them, as long as they are widespread.
Distribution:
My film, Gone, will be distributed via cross-media platforms in the sence of Youtube, this is a effective way to establish a short film due to the essence of it being widely distributed to all people to be accessed by everyone. Furthermore, the British Film Institute connnote a strong notion of of aiming the film at a teenage audience, an effective way of promoting this to them is by using celebrity endorsement, this is where the use of celebritys are used to promote a film, I would use celebrities like Zac Effron, this is because him being a global renowned actor and connotes a notion that people knnow he has been in numerous of sucessfull films, like Harry Potter. In addition, this would be done via social media, this is because it cost minimal in costs in terms paying social media platforms like Ingstagram or Twitter, the costs of paying the celebrities to publish the film.
Equipment:
There will be 3 main essenatial materials that I will use, this consist of a camera, shotgun mic and a tripod. The camera will be placed on a tripod, the tripod allows smooth and efficient pans on the shots, this alllows a clean and clinical finish on the film, ensuring I can get the most professional finish onto my film. Secondly, the use of a shotgun mic allows me to get a precise finish to the film, ensuring that a profesional finish to my film occurs, with little lapse in dialouge and noise.
Screenplay evaluation
Have the requirements been met from the brief?
In the brief that has been given to us by the British Film Institute it firstly states the lack of diversity in exposure of other locations around England, excluding London, therefore my film satisfies the requirements, I aim to represent the town of Tarring. Secondly, it states the film should be produced with a little to no budget, this is addressed by my film as my production and pre-production total costs will come to little. Furthermore, the film needs to be set in a noteworthy landmark feature, this is satisfied as my filming is in the Tarring Church. Overall, all aspects that they have portrayed and asked as a requirement, I have met.
Relevant changes
I need to ensure that the description of scenes need to be only what you can see and hear, during the first draft by descriptive analysis is prodominately telling a story, although this is showing the audience what happens it doesn’s connote the vision that the actors will see. This is known as internal motivation, this is not what is meant to be in script descriptions as it doesn’t describe what is in and heard but internal thoughts of actors, I will ensure I change this to therefore allow my cast and production to understand what needs to be portrayed when filming.
In this screen grab it shows a slugline at top, as portrayed correctly with the use of camera shots on top of the location, the slugline is indentifying that the camera shots needs to pan left/right, this is where the camera man will move the camera left and right corresponding to the movement of the protagonists and main focus points of the scene. Secondly, the location is shown in EXT this means exterior, informing us that the scene is outside, Further information is given with the “church pathway” this reinforces the notion of the location. However, as explained above my description is wrong, as demonstrated in the screen grab below I have removed the internal motivation, making it factual so now casts can interpret the intentions of a scene.
An example of how I removed the internal motivation is where I now said, James’ eyes enlarge, this is corresponding to my first draft as previously I described the thoughts but now I’m describing the physical things that can be seen.
Is the content correct?
Now, after doing 3 drafts of my script I have removed all internal motivation. Also my structure is right for making scripts, with the slug line parried above the description, this allows the scene to be told, location, camera shot, time of day. Furthermore, it isn’t indented, this is the correct location of it; likewise the description is not indented however by character names are centralised and capitalised. The speech lines are indented once, to give clarity to the script to ensure little confusion occurs between what is being described and what is being spoken.
Script errors/review
Overall, before I made my final draft I had to ensure my description was punctual, now after addressing that my script as the bright format and description meaning that I have no improvements to make upon it.
Feedback
During script read throughs the feedback I recieved was I need to institute camera shots that will be used, this will allow a great understadning on what the protagonist will experience. Furthermore, making it vastly easier for cast production, people like the cameramen to then have a clear understanding on what is required of them in set. This has many positives of it, firstly it makes production of the film more fluent as everyone will understand what to do, and secondly it will eliminate confusion.
Screenplay
First draft:
Second draft:
Final draft:
Harrison Cable-Media 